learn可以用作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。今天總結(jié)常用動(dòng)詞learn的常見(jiàn)用法、使用注意事項(xiàng)及要點(diǎn)。
一、learn的常見(jiàn)用法
1.learn指“學(xué);學(xué)習(xí);學(xué)到;學(xué)會(huì)”。比如:I have learned a lot from reading.我從閱讀中學(xué)了許多東西。I have learned English for ten years.我學(xué)英語(yǔ)十年了。He is learning to play the piano.他正在學(xué)彈鋼琴。I learned a lot from my father.我從父親那里學(xué)到了許多東西。
2.learn表示“獲悉,得知”,常與of搭配使用,也可以跟that從句。比如:When did you learn of his son's success?你什么時(shí)候得知他兒子成功的消息? I learnt of her arrival from a close friend.我從一位好友那里聽(tīng)說(shuō)她到了。We were very surprised to learn (that) she had got married again.我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)她又結(jié)婚了,感到很驚訝。
3.learn指“記住;背熟;熟記”。比如:He learned this song two years ago.他兩年前學(xué)會(huì)了這首歌。He learned the poem so he could recite it at the dinner.他記住了這首詩(shī),所以在宴會(huì)上能背誦出來(lái)。
4. learn指“(從……中)吸取(教訓(xùn))”。常與from連用。比如:He has learned from his mistakes.他已從錯(cuò)誤中吸取了教訓(xùn)。The company failed to learn any lessons from this experience.公司未能從這次經(jīng)歷中吸取任何教訓(xùn)。
二、learn的考點(diǎn)及要點(diǎn)
1.learn作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),常用動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式加疑問(wèn)詞加不定式詞組,表示“學(xué)會(huì)干什么”,考試中常考不定式形式。比如:You ought to learn how to be patient.你要學(xué)會(huì)耐心。
2.考試常考learn構(gòu)成的一些詞組。比如:learn from從……學(xué)習(xí),向……學(xué)習(xí);learn……by heart記熟,背下來(lái)。比如:
We've come here to learn from you.我們到這里來(lái)是向你們學(xué)習(xí)的。The text is too long for us to learn by heart.這篇課文太長(zhǎng)了,我們背不下來(lái)。
三、learn與study
learn與study近義。learn多指初級(jí)階段的學(xué)習(xí),尤其指通過(guò)模仿而學(xué)會(huì)某種東西,一般強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。比如:The boy had learnt two hundred words.這個(gè)男孩已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了200個(gè)詞。
study有時(shí)可與learn互換使用,但是常指通過(guò)較高深,較系統(tǒng)的研究而獲得某種知識(shí),一般強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程。比如:We study for knowledge, not for marks.我們是為求知而學(xué),不是為分?jǐn)?shù)而學(xué)。